BoJ to disclose new macroeconomic projections at next week’s meeting….…
For professional investors and advisers only
Monthly data for March surprised on the downside in the United States, indicating a weakening of the economic cycle in 2Q 2013: NFPs and ISM in March, Empire and Philly Fed in April, builders’ confidence from February onwards, were all disappointing. The question is whether the reversal is temporary or indicative of a more lasting slowdown. Our interpretation, based on the available data, is that negative surprises are transitory events, due in part to a physiological volatility of the releases (also due to especially poor weather conditions in March), in part to the enforcement of the automatic cuts to public spending, and in part to the difficult seasonal adjustment of the central months of the year from 2010 onwards. We see no indications of a permanent slowdown in underlying growth, although it is likely that following the sharp acceleration towards 3.2% q/q ann. in 1Q 2013, the second quarter of this year will bring a temporary return to a pace around 1.5% q/q ann.
This interpretation of economic data is supported by the Beige Book prepared for the FOMC meeting of 1st May. The report states that “economic activity expanded at a moderate pace” in the period between the end of February and the beginning of April. It is important to note that the report gives no indication of the slowdown towards stall growth rates which, on the other hand, had emerged from recent economic data. The information provided by the Beige Book on the different sectors of the economy are relatively positive, with signals of an expansion of activity in manufacturing (contrary to the picture drawn by sector surveys); consumer spending is rising at a modest pace, but retailers expect continuing growth; the non-manufacturing sector is expanding, in transport and shipping in particular. Oil and natural gas are experiencing “robust” growth. As regards employment, conditions are stable or slightly improving, with indications of hiring in many industries. Expectations for the growth and activity outlook remain “optimistic” in all districts, with forecasts for an expansion in line with the current pace, or slightly faster; the main risks mentioned by the report are tied to fiscal policy and the costs faced by businesses for the health care system reform. Ultimately, only economic data will tell if it is correct to consider the current weakening as a transitory phase, and the FOMC will continue to monitor the development of the scenario. We stick to our forecast of a reacceleration in growth towards 2.5-3% in the second half of 2013.
The BoJ meeting on 26 April should not bring any changes in terms of monetary policy strategy. However, the meeting will be important as it coincides with the release of the central bank’s half-yearly economic outlook. The new growth and inflation forecasts will draw a clearer picture of the inflation path expected by the BoJ following the announcement, early in April, of new monetary stimulus measures. In a recent speech, Kuroda reasserted that the central bank is working to reach a 2% inflation rate within two years. The BoJ may step up its inflation forecasts for 2014 to 1.5%, and achievement of the 2% rate in fiscal year 2015. In the October 2012 economic outlook, the central projection for the CPI in fiscal year 2013 was 0.5% y/y. For 2014, when data will be influenced by the expected consumption tax hike (to 8% from 5%, April 2014), the BoJ estimated inflation at 4.2%, including the tax, and at 1.3% y/y net of the tax. Forecasts for 2013 could be revised downwards, as opposed to an upward revision on 2014, even net of indirect taxes. The 2015 horizon will be topical, as it should show a 2% rate. From now on, the central bank’s inflation forecasts will take on new importance, given the commitment to reach the 2% objective. The BoJ has said it is ready to step up monetary stimulus if the measures introduced prove insufficient to reach the 2% target in two years. Forecasts will guide the adoption of new stimulus measures.
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